An adjective is a word that modifies a noun. There are many types of adjectives: descriptive adjectives, verbal adjectives, demonstrative adjectives, relative adjectives etc...
In this chapter we will study the descriptive or qualifying adjectives.
Let’s start with the following examples:
J’ai acheté un grand coffre à jouets.
I bought a big toy chest.
“grand” is a descriptive adjective. It modifies or describes the noun “coffre”.
Notice that the adjective in the sentence above preceded the noun.
Elle a des parents très sévères.
She has very strict parents.
“sévères” is a descriptive adjective. It modifies the noun “parents”.
Notice that the adjective in the sentence above followed the noun.
Remember: Unlike in English, adjectives related to nationality, religion and ethnicity in French are not capitalized, i.e. they don't start with a capital letter.
We generally form the feminine of adjectives by adding “e” to the masculine form. However, there are many adjectives that depend on their endings to determine their feminine form. In this lesson, we will study the feminine form of the adjectives ending in: teur, eau and ou and adjectives that add letters to their feminine form.
For example:
Remember: “Précurseur” is an adjective that doesn’t have a feminine form:
For example:
La compagnie Rivart, précurseur du mobilier à base de bambou naturel, a ouvert une nouvelle branche en Belgique.
The Rivart company, forerunner of furniture made of bamboo, has opened a new branch in Belgium.
For example:
Exceptions:
For example:
In this chapter we will study the descriptive or qualifying adjectives.
Let’s start with the following examples:
J’ai acheté un grand coffre à jouets.
I bought a big toy chest.
“grand” is a descriptive adjective. It modifies or describes the noun “coffre”.
Notice that the adjective in the sentence above preceded the noun.
Elle a des parents très sévères.
She has very strict parents.
“sévères” is a descriptive adjective. It modifies the noun “parents”.
Notice that the adjective in the sentence above followed the noun.
Remember: Unlike in English, adjectives related to nationality, religion and ethnicity in French are not capitalized, i.e. they don't start with a capital letter.
We generally form the feminine of adjectives by adding “e” to the masculine form. However, there are many adjectives that depend on their endings to determine their feminine form. In this lesson, we will study the feminine form of the adjectives ending in: teur, eau and ou and adjectives that add letters to their feminine form.
Adjectives ending in teur
The adjectives ending in “teur” form their feminine adjectives by replacing “teur” with “trice” or “teuse”:For example:
| Masculine | Feminine |
| calculateur | calculatrice |
| évocateur | évocatrice |
| générateur | génératrice |
| créateur | créatrice |
| éducateur | éducatrice |
| producteur | productrice |
| acheteur | acheteuse |
| menteur | menteuse |
| enjôleur | enjôl euse |
| profiteur | profit euse |
Remember: “Précurseur” is an adjective that doesn’t have a feminine form:
For example:
La compagnie Rivart, précurseur du mobilier à base de bambou naturel, a ouvert une nouvelle branche en Belgique.
The Rivart company, forerunner of furniture made of bamboo, has opened a new branch in Belgium.
Adjectives ending in eau and ou
The adjectives ending in “eau” and “ou” form their feminine adjectives by replacing the final “eau” with “elle” and the final “ou” with “olle”.For example:
| Masculine | Feminine |
| nouveau (nouvel if it precedes a noun that starts with a vowel or a mute h) | nouvelle |
| beau (bel if it precedes a noun that starts with a vowel or a mute h) | belle |
| jumeau | jumelle |
| fou | folle |
| mou | molle |
Exceptions:
| Masculine | Feminine |
| flou | floue |
| hindou | hindoue |
| ourdou | ourdoue |
Adjectives that add letters to their feminine form
Certain adjectives form their feminine by adding letters and accents to their masculine form.For example:
| Masculine | Feminine |
| blanc | blanche |
| frais | fraîche |
| franc | franche |
| grec | grecque |
| public | publique |
| sec | sèche |
| long | longue |
| turc | turque |
| gentil | gentille |