The plural of nouns is generally formed by adding an “s” to the end of of the noun.
Examples:
| Singular | Plural |
| un chien | des chiens |
| une amie | des amies |
| un chanteur | des chanteurs |
| le canard | les canards |
| la voiture | les voitures |
“des” is the plural of the indefinite articles “un” and “une”.
“les” is the plural of the definite article “le” and “la”.
Not all words form their plural by adding an “s”. The plural of a noun depends on its ending. Today we will learn how to form the plural of nouns ending in “al”, “ail”, “s”, “x” and “z”.
Nouns ending in al
The nouns ending in “al” form their plural by adding “aux” to the end of the noun.
Examples:
| Singular | Plural |
| un cheval | des chevaux |
| un journal | des journaux |
| un bocal | des bocaux |
| un tribunal | des tribunaux |
| un hôpital | des hôpitaux |
| un général | des généraux |
| un mal | des maux |
| un métal | des métaux |
| un total | des totaux |
| | |
Exceptions: There are many exceptions to the rule above. Many words ending in “al” and which usually derive from other languages or are names of animals, form their plural by adding an “s”.
For example:
| Singular | Plural |
| un carnaval | des carnavals |
| un festival | des festivals |
| un chacal | des chacals |
| un récital | des récitals |
| un bal | des bals |
| un étal | des étals |
| un cérémonial | des ceremonials |
Nouns ending in ail
The nouns ending in “ail” form their plural by adding “s” to the end of the noun.
Examples:
| Singular | Plural |
| un détail | des détails |
| un épouvantail | des épouvantails |
| un chandail | des chandails |
| un portail | des portails |
| un rail | des rails |
Exceptions: | Singular | Plural |
| un bail | des baux |
| un corail | des coraux |
| un émail | des émaux |
| un soupirail | des soupiraux |
| un travail | des travaux |
| un vantail | des vantaux |
| un vitrail | des vitraux |
Nouns ending in x, s, and z
The nouns ending in “x”, “s” and “z” keep the same form in the plural.
Examples :
| Singular | Plural |
| un bas | des bas |
| un tas | des tas |
| un prix | des prix |
| un gaz | des gaz |