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Nouns ending in al, ail, s, x and z

aa
AA
The plural of nouns is generally formed by adding an “s” to the end of of the noun.

Examples:

SingularPlural
un chien des chiens
une amie des amies
un chanteur des chanteurs
le canard les canards
la voiture les voitures


“des” is the plural of the indefinite articles “un” and “une”.
“les” is the plural of the definite article “le” and “la”.

Not all words form their plural by adding an “s”. The plural of a noun depends on its ending. Today we will learn how to form the plural of nouns ending in “al”, “ail”, “s”, “x” and “z”.

Nouns ending in al

The nouns ending in “al” form their plural by adding “aux” to the end of the noun.

Examples:

SingularPlural
un cheval des chevaux
un journal des journaux
un bocal des bocaux
un tribunal des tribunaux
un hôpital des hôpitaux
un général des généraux
un mal des maux
un métal des métaux
un total des totaux


Exceptions: There are many exceptions to the rule above. Many words ending in “al” and which usually derive from other languages or are names of animals, form their plural by adding an “s”.

For example:

SingularPlural
un carnaval des carnavals
un festival des festivals
un chacal des chacals
un récital des récitals
un bal des bals
un étal des étals
un cérémonial des ceremonials


Nouns ending in ail

The nouns ending in “ail” form their plural by adding “s” to the end of the noun.

Examples:

SingularPlural
un détail des détails
un épouvantail des épouvantails
un chandail des chandails
un portail des portails
un rail des rails


Exceptions:

SingularPlural
un bail des baux
un corail des coraux
un émail des émaux
un soupirail des soupiraux
un travail des travaux
un vantail des vantaux
un vitrail des vitraux


Nouns ending in x, s, and z

The nouns ending in “x”, “s” and “z” keep the same form in the plural.

Examples :

SingularPlural
un bas des bas
un tas des tas
un prix des prix
un gaz des gaz

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